Ett pris man får betala?

Om kvalitet i socialtjänstens arbete med skyddat boende

Författare

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37062/sf.59.24131

Nyckelord:

våld i nära relationer, kvalitet, skyddat boende, socialtjänst, marknadisering

Abstract

Från att ha varit en verksamhet som nästan helt dominerats av kvinnojourer drivs hälften av landets skyddade boenden i dag av privata företag. Socialtjänstens upphandlingar av skyddat boende i kombination med ökade krav på uppföljning har inneburit att synen på kvalitet har blivit allt viktigare. I den här artikeln undersöks hur lokalpolitiker och chefer inom socialtjänsten konstruerar kvalitet i socialtjänstens arbete med skyddat boende och på sådana boenden. Studien visar att kvalitet i socialtjänstens arbete kan handla om allt från evidens, kostnadseffektivitet och socialsekreterares specifika kompetens till säkerställande av att utsatta får stöd och hjälp att leva självständiga liv. Betydelsen av att följa socialtjänstens uppdrag och av att ha kompetent personal framhålls. En alltför ”omhändertagande” inställning hos socialtjänstens personal och personalen på skyddade boenden framställs som något problematiskt och oprofessionellt. Analysen visar att socialtjänstens arbete med kvalitet, upphandlingar och placeringar kan utgöra en svårhanterlig konfliktyta där logiker och praktiker typiska för marknad och välfärd ställs mot varandra.

Referenser

Agevall Gross, L., V. Denvall, C. Kjellgren & M. Skillmark (2015) ”Brottsoffer i indikatorland. Öppna jämförelser inom socialtjänstens brottsofferstödjande arbete”, Socialvetenskaplig Tidskrift 22 (3–4):341–358. https://doi.org/10.3384/svt.2015.22.3-4.2345

Asmoredjo, J., M.D. Beijersbergen & J.R.L.M. Wolf (2017) ”Client experiences with shelter and community care services in the Netherlands”, Research on Social Work Practice 27 (7):779–788. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731516637426

Banga, B. & A. Gill (2008) ”Supporting survivors and securing access to housing for black minority ethnic and refugee women experiencing domestic violence in the UK”, Housing, Care and Support 11 (3):13–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/14608790200800020

Bartlett, W., J.A. Roberts & J. Le Grand (red.) (1998) A revolution in social policy. Quasi-market reforms in the 1990s. Bristol: Policy Press.

Bergstrom-Lynch, C.A. (2018) ”Empowerment in a bureaucracy? Survivors’ perceptions of domestic violence shelter policies and practices”, Affilia 33 (1):112–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109917716104

Blom, B. & S. Morén (2012) ”The evaluation of quality in social-work practice”, Nordic Journal of Social Research 3 (1):71–87. https://doi.org/10.7577/njsr.2062

Blomqvist, P. (2004) ”The choice revolution. Privatization of Swedish welfare services in the 1990s”, Social Policy and Administration 38 (2):139–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2004.00382.x

Botma, Y. & M. Labuschagne (2019) ”Application of the Donabedian quality assurance approach in developing an educational programme”, Innovations in Education and Teaching International 56 (3):363–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2017.1378587

Bovaird, T. (2007) ”Beyond engagement and participation. User and community coproduction of public services”, Public Administration Review 67 (5):846–860. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00773.x

Braun, V. & V. Clarke (2006) ”Using thematic analysis in psychology”, Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2):77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Burnett, C., M. Ford-Gilboe, H. Berman, N. Wathen & C. Ward-Griffin (2016) ”The day-to-day reality of delivering shelter services to women exposed to intimate partner violence in the context of system and policy demands”, Journal of Social Service Research 42 (4):516–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2016.1153562

Carlstedt, E. & K. Jacobsson (2017) ”Indications of quality or quality as a matter of fact?”, Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift 119 (1):47–70.

Carey, G., E. Malbon, C. Green, D. Reeders & A. Marjolin (2020) ”Quasi-market shaping, stewarding and steering in personalization. The need for practice-orientated empirical evidence”, Policy Design and Practice 3 (1):30–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2019.1704985

Chanmugam, A. (2011) ”Perspectives on US domestic violence emergency shelters. What do young adolescent residents and their mothers say?”, Child Care in Practice 17 (4):393–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2011.596814

Clegg, S., D. Courpasson & N. Phillips (2006) Power and organizations. London: SAGE.

Cutler, T. & B. Waine (1997) ”The politics of quasi-markets. How quasi-markets have been analysed and how they might be analysed”, Critical Social Policy 17 (51):3–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/026101839701705101

Dahlstedt, M. & A. Fejes (2018) Skolan, marknaden och framtiden. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Donabedian, A. (1988) ”Quality assessment and assurance. Unity of purpose, diversity of means”, Inquiry 25 (1):173–192.

Eduards, M. (2002) Förbjuden handling. Om kvinnors organisering och feministisk teori. Stockholm: Liber.

Ekström, V. (2016) Det besvärliga våldet. Om socialtjänstens stöd till våldsutsatta kvinnor. Linköping: Linköpings universitet. https://doi.org/10.3384/diss.diva-130941

Ekström, V. (2018) ”Gränsytor under förhandling”, Socialvetenskaplig Tidskrift 25 (3–4):269–286. https://doi.org/10.3384/svt.2018.25.3-4.2367

Elassy, N. (2015) ”The concepts of quality, quality assurance and quality enhancement”, Quality Assurance in Education 23 (3):250–261. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-11-2012-0046

Elman, R.A. (2003) ”Refuge in reconfigured states. Shelter movements in the United States, Britain, and Sweden”, 94–113 i L.A. Banaszak, K. Beckwith & D. Rucht (red.) Women’s movements facing the reconfigured state. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Enander, V., C. Holmberg & A.-L. Lindgren (2013) Att följa med samtiden. Kvinnojoursrörelse i förändring, Stockholm: Atlas.

Evers, A. (2005) ”Mixed welfare systems and hybrid organizations. Changes in the governance and provision of social services”, International Journal of Public Administration 28 (9–10):736–48. https://doi.org/10.1081/PAD-200067318

Gengler, A.M. (2011) ”Mothering under others’ gaze: Policing motherhood in a battered women’s shelter”, International Journal of Sociology of the Family 37 (1):131–152.

Girth, A.M., A. Hefetz, J.M. Johnston & M.E. Warner (2012) ”Outsourcing public service delivery. Management responses in noncompetitive markets”, Public Administration Review 72 (6):887–900. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02596.x

Glenn, C. & L. Goodman (2015) ”Living with and within the rules of domestic violence shelters. A qualitative exploration of residents’ experiences”, Violence Against Women 21 (12):1481–1506. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801215596242

Greenwood, M. & R. Mir (2019) ”Critical management studies and stakeholder theory. Possibilities for a critical stakeholder theory”, 33–52 i J.S. Harrison, J.B. Barney, R.E. Freeman & R.A. Phillips (red.) The Cambridge handbook of stakeholder theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108123495.003

Hartman, L. (2011) Konkurrensens konsekvenser. Stockholm: SNS Förlag.

Harvey, L. & D. Green (1993) ”Defining quality”, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 18 (1):9–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260293930180102

Hetling, A., A. Dunford, S. Lin & E. Michaelis (2018) ”Long-term housing and intimate partner violence”, Affilia 33 (4):526–542. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109918778064

Hjärpe, T. (2017) ”Measuring social work. Quantity as quality in the social services”, Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift 119 (1):23–46.

Härnbro, S., M. Herz & M. Dahlstedt (2021) ”Social tjänst till salu. Om socialt arbete i upphandlingens tid”, Sociologisk Forskning 58 (3):267–286. https://doi.org/10.37062/sf.58.22080

Kajonius, P.J. & A. Kazemi (2016) ”Structure and process quality as predictors of satisfaction with elderly care”, Health & Social Care in the Community 24 (6):699–707. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12230

Klintö, C. (2020) ”Kvinnojourerna tappar – ny bransch växer”, Svenska Dagbladet, 1 januari 2020.

Le Grand, J. (1991) ”Quasi-markets and social policy”, The Economic Journal 101 (408):1256–1267. https://doi.org/10.2307/2234441

Le Grand, J. (2007) The other invisible hand. Delivering public services through choice and competition. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Lukes, S. (2008 [2005]) Maktens ansikten. Göteborg: Daidalos.

McGirr, S.A. & C.M. Sullivan (2017) ”Critical consciousness raising as an element of empowering practice with survivors of domestic violence”, Journal of Social Service Research 43 (2):156–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2016.1212777

McKay, S., D. Moro, S. Teasdale & D. Clifford (2015) ”The marketisation of charities in England and Wales”, Voluntas 26 (1):336–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-013-9417-y

Meagher, G. & M. Szebehely (2019) ”The politics of profit in Swedish welfare services. Four decades of Social Democratic ambivalence”, Critical Social Policy 39 (3):455–476. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261018318801721

Megivern, D.M., J.C. McMillen, E.K. Proctor, C.L. Striley, L.J. Cabassa & M.R. Munson (2007) ”Quality of care. Expanding the social work dialogue”, Social Work 52 (2):115–124. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/52.2.115

Melbin, A., C. M. Sullivan & D. Cain (2003) ”Transitional supportive housing programs. Battered women’s perspectives and recommendations”, Affilia 18 (4):445–460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109903257623

Nekham, E. (2021) ”Svårt med boende för våldsutsatta kvinnor”, Svenska Dagbladet 16 maj 2021.

Regeringen (2011) ”Uppdrag om skyddat boende”. S2011/8989/FST. Stockholm: Socialdepartementet.

Robinson, S.R., D.R. Maxwell & K.R. Rogers (2019) ”Living in intimate partner violence shelters. A qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis of women’s experiences”, The British Journal of Social Work 50 (1):81–100. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz079

Roks (2019) ”Kvinnojourerna trängs undan av riskkapitalister”, https://www.roks.se/nyheter/kvinnojourerna-trangs-undan-av-riskkapitalister (hämtningsdatum 19 januari 2023).

Salamon, L.M. (1993) ”The marketization of welfare. Changing nonprofit and for-profit roles in the American welfare state”, Social Service Review 67 (1):16–39. https://doi.org/10.1086/603963

Sejr Guul, T., U. Hvidman & H.H. Sievertsen (2021) ”Quasi-market competition in public service provision. User sorting and cream-skimming”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 31 (4):740–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muab002

Socialstyrelsen (2013) Kartläggning av skyddade boenden i Sverige. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.

Socialstyrelsen (2015) Kvalitet i skyddade boenden. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.

Socialstyrelsen (2020) Kartläggning av skyddade boenden i Sverige. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.

Socialstyrelsen (2022) Indikatorer för att mäta kvaliteten på verksamheten vid skyddade boenden. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.

SFS 2011:453. Socialtjänstlag. Stockholm: Justitiedepartementet.

SFS 2016:1145. Lag om offentlig upphandling. Stockholm: Justitiedepartementet.

SOSFS 2011:9. Socialstyrelsens föreskrifter och allmänna råd om ledningssystem för systematiskt kvalitetsarbete. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.

Stenius, K. & J. Storbjörk (2020) ”Balancing welfare and market logics. Procurement regulations for social and health services in four Nordic welfare states”, Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37 (1):6–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1455072519886094

Strand, E. & C. Faver (2005) ”Battered women’s concern for their pets. A closer look”, Journal of Family Social Work 9 (4):39–58. https://doi.org/10.1300/J039v09n04_04

Strannegård, L. (2013) ”Kvalitet på modet”, 13–25 i L. Strannegård (red.) Den omätbara kvaliteten. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Sullivan, C.M., I. Baptista, S. O’halloran, L. Okroj, S. Morton & C.S. Stewart (2008) ”Evaluating the effectiveness of women’s refuges. A multi‐country approach to model development”, International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 32 (2):291–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2008.9678790

Sullivan, C.M. & T. Virden (2017a) ”Interrelationships among length of stay in a domestic violence shelter, help received, and outcomes achieved”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 87 (4):434–442. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000267

Sullivan, C.M. & T. Virden (2017b) ”An eight state study on the relationships among domestic violence shelter services and residents’ self-efficacy and hopefulness”, Journal of Family Violence 32 (8):741–750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-017-9930-7

Svallfors, S. & A. Tyllström (2019) ”Resilient privatization. The puzzling case of for-profit welfare providers in Sweden”, Socio-Economic Review 17 (3):745–765. https://doi.org/10.1093/SER/MWY005

Szebehely, M. (2011) ”Insatser för äldre och funktionshindrade i privat regi”, 215–257 i L. Hartman (red.) Konkurrensens konsekvenser. Stockholm: SNS Förlag.

VanNatta, M. (2010) ”Power and control. Changing structures of battered women’s shelters”, The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences 5 (2):149–161. https://doi.org/10.18848/1833-1882/cgp/v05i02/59363

Vaughn, M. & G.H. Stamp (2003) ”The empowerment dilemma. The dialectic of emancipation and control in staff/client interaction at shelters for battered women”, Communication Studies 54 (2):154–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510970309363277

Wendt, S. & J. Baker (2013) ”Aboriginal women’s perceptions and experiences of a family violence transitional accommodation service”, Australian Social Work 66 (4):511–527. https://doi.org/10.1080/0312407X.2012.754915

Winblad, U., A. Mankell & F. Olsson (2015) ”Privatisering av välfärdstjänster. Hur garanteras kvalitet i vård och omsorg?” Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift 117 (4):531–554.

Yogev, T. (2010) ”The social construction of quality. Status dynamics in the market for contemporary art”, Socio-Economic Review 8 (3):511–536. https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwp030

Young, D. & L.M. Salamon (2002) ”Commercialization, social ventures and for-profit competition”, 521–548 i L.M. Salamon (red.), The state of nonprofit America. Washington: Brookings Institution Press.

Øverlien, C. (2011) ”Women’s refuges as intervention arenas for children who experience domestic violence”, Child Care in Practice 17 (4):375–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2011.596816

Downloads

Publicerad

2023-03-09

Referera så här

Ekström, Veronica, och Johan Hvenmark. 2023. ”Ett Pris Man får Betala? Om Kvalitet I socialtjänstens Arbete Med Skyddat Boende”. Sociologisk Forskning 59 (4):447–471. https://doi.org/10.37062/sf.59.24131.

Nummer

Sektion

Artiklar